FIREONTARIO

The CPS Firefighter Test

Cooperative Personnel Services Entry-Level Exam — Your Complete Guide

The CPS is the firefighter aptitude test administered by Firefighter Services of Ontario (FireOntario) and used by a number of Ontario fire departments, particularly those outside the OFAI member group. It's multiple choice and covers four areas: understanding oral information, reading comprehension, mathematical ability and mechanical aptitude. You need 70% to pass — and a higher score to be competitive, because many departments rank candidates by score.

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Multiple Choice4 Content Areas70% to Pass

What Is the CPS Test?

The Cooperative Personnel Services (CPS) Entry-Level Firefighter Test is a standardized multiple-choice exam created by CPS HR Consulting, based in Sacramento, California. In Canada, it is administered by Firefighter Services of Ontario Ltd. (FireOntario) — the sole current administering body — and used by a number of Ontario fire departments.

The CPS is a multiple-choice exam. Firefighter Services of Ontario doesn't publish its question count or time limit, so check your test invitation. Unlike the FACT, the CPS gives you a numerical percentage score — you'll know exactly how you did. You need at least 70% to pass, but many departments rank applicants by score, so aim well above the minimum.

Calculators, cell phones and smart watches aren't allowed, and scrap paper is provided for problem solving. It covers four content areas, as listed by Firefighter Services of Ontario: Understanding Oral Information (listening), Reading Comprehension, Mathematical Ability (no calculators) and Mechanical Aptitude. Some departments' versions also include maps, diagrams and mechanical drawings.

Total Questions

Not published by FSO

Time Limit

Not published by FSO

Format

Multiple choice

Scoring

Numerical % (0–100%)

Passing Score

70% minimum

Cost

$90 (via FireOntario)

Certificate Validity

1 year (via FireOntario)

What's on the CPS Test? — Section Breakdown

The CPS covers four content areas. Unlike the FACT, it has no personality section, so your aptitude and reasoning skills drive your score.

Understanding Oral Information

Questions on information you hear, such as instructions or a briefing. Firefighter Services of Ontario lists it first among the exam's four content areas, and the FACT has no listening section, so practise hearing a passage once and answering from memory.

What it tests

Listening, recall of details, following spoken instructions

FireStart prep

5 lessons + 130 practice questions

Reading Comprehension

You'll read passages and answer questions about the information presented. Passages may cover fire service procedures, incident reports, or general workplace scenarios. All answers can be found within the text.

What it tests

Main idea, detail extraction, inference, vocabulary in context

FireStart prep

6 lessons + 175 practice questions

Mathematical Ability

Arithmetic, word problems, and data interpretation set in fire service contexts. Expect calculations involving response times, equipment measurements, water volume, budgets, and data from tables and graphs. No calculator allowed — scrap paper is provided.

What it tests

Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, percentages, fractions, word problems, graphs and charts

FireStart prep

8 lessons + 420 practice questions

Mechanical Aptitude

Questions about pulleys, levers, gears, gas laws, pressure systems, and firefighting tools. You'll need to understand basic physics concepts and how mechanical systems work — critical knowledge for operating ladders, hydraulic rescue tools, and pumping systems.

What it tests

Pulleys, levers, gears, pressure and hydraulics, tools, basic physics

FireStart prep

6 lessons + 200 practice questions

Per-section question counts aren't confirmed by official sources, so we don't list them. Contact FireOntario or your department to confirm the current test format before you sit it.

Which Fire Departments Use the CPS?

The CPS test is administered by Firefighter Services of Ontario (FireOntario) and used by a number of Ontario fire departments, particularly those outside the OFAI member group.

FireStart's department directory shows which departments list the CPS. Check your target department's recruitment page or fireontario.com for the latest list.

Browse all CPS departments →

What to Expect on Test Day

Location & Scheduling

CPS tests are scheduled by Firefighter Services of Ontario at various locations across Ontario. Check fireontario.com for upcoming test dates and register through their website. Cost: $90.

What's Not Allowed

Cell phones, smart watches and calculators aren't permitted. Scrap paper is provided for problem solving.

Tips

Arrive at least one hour early. Firefighter Services of Ontario doesn't publish the time limit, so check it on your invitation and work out your pace per question before you start. Don't get stuck on any single question.

Scoring and Retake Policy

Unlike the FACT, the CPS gives you an actual score — a percentage from 0 to 100. The pass mark is 70%, but passing alone may not be enough. Many fire departments rank candidates by their CPS score and interview from the top of the list, so every point above the pass mark helps.

Your CPS certificate through FireOntario is valid for one year. Re-attempt windows are set by Firefighter Services of Ontario and the administering department — check with FireOntario or your target department for specific waiting periods.

How FireStart Prepares You for the CPS

FireStart.ca teaches the material — not just tests you on it. Our lesson-first approach means you learn the concepts before you drill.

Learn

41 guided lessons across all 7 categories. Each lesson teaches a specific skill with embedded practice quizzes and real firefighter scenarios.

516 minutes of instruction

Practice

4 practice modes — Practice, Quick Drill, Weak Spots, and Daily Challenge. Category filters let you drill exactly where you need it.

1,355+ practice questions

Track

Your dashboard shows readiness scores, category performance, study streaks, and gap analysis. Know exactly where you stand.

Real-time progress tracking

Ready to start preparing?

Get Full Access — $67/year

Never auto-renews. That's less than the cost of one CPS test attempt.

Frequently asked questions

Firefighter Services of Ontario doesn't publish the CPS's question count or time limit, so check your test invitation for both. Candidates register through Firefighter Services of Ontario for scheduled testing dates. The exam fee is $90, and a CPS result is valid for 1 year.

Firefighter Services of Ontario lists four content areas: understanding oral information (listening), reading comprehension, mathematical ability and mechanical aptitude. Some departments' versions also include maps, diagrams and mechanical drawings.

The conventional pass mark is 70%, set by Firefighter Services of Ontario. Many departments require candidates to score well above this threshold to advance to the next stage, since they invite candidates to interviews in score order from a large pool — not just everyone who passed.

The CPS returns a numerical percentage score; the FACT returns pass/fail. The CPS tests listening (oral information) and mechanical aptitude, which the FACT doesn't, while the FACT has a long Personal Characteristics section and the CPS has no personality section. The CPS is administered by Firefighter Services of Ontario; the FACT by OFAI.

The CPS is used by a number of Ontario fire departments, particularly those outside the OFAI member group. Check the department's page on FireStart's directory for the specific aptitude test required.

Plan on 8 to 12 weeks of consistent preparation. Budget extra time for mechanical aptitude if your background isn't trades or engineering, and practise hearing a passage once and answering from memory. The FACT tests neither.

Yes. Re-attempt windows are set by Firefighter Services of Ontario and the administering department. Use the wait period to target the specific sections you scored lowest on.

FireStart's question bank covers all four content areas that Firefighter Services of Ontario lists, in the exam's multiple-choice format. The questions are written by the FireStart team, not reproduced from the official exam.

No. The CPS is a written aptitude exam. Physical testing is a separate stage that each hiring department sets and runs.

Don't neglect Mechanical Reasoning. If you don't have a trades, engineering, or hands-on background, it's likely to be your weakest section. Targeted practice with pulley, gear, lever, hose, and pump configurations closes the gap quickly.

Don't Gamble With Your CPS Score

Departments rank candidates by score — every percentage point matters. With FireStart, you get 41 lessons, 1,120+ practice questions, and real-time tracking of your readiness. For less than the cost of a single test attempt.

Get Full Access — $67/year

One subscription covers prep for all five Canadian firefighter tests.

FireStart.ca is an independent test preparation platform and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or connected to CPS HR Consulting, Firefighter Services of Ontario Ltd. (FireOntario), or any fire department. All test details are based on publicly available information and verified against official sources. Always confirm current test details directly with FireOntario at fireontario.com.